Group assignment

• Link to group page

This week we will work on 3D printing and 3D scanning, but what are each?

To begin with, 3D printing is the process of creating objects by depositing layers of material on top of each other. 3D printing is called additive manufacturing (AM), meaning it builds objects by adding material layer by layer, unlike traditional subtractive methods, such as CNC milling, which remove material to create parts.

On the other hand, 3D scanning is a technology that allows you to capture the three-dimensional geometry of an object or environment precisely and convert it into a three-dimensional digital model. There are several techniques and devices that can be used to perform 3D scans and the choice depends on the specific application and the level of detail required, among the steps in the process are the following.

Data capture: The scanning process begins with the capture of data from the object or environment that you want to convert into a 3D model. This is achieved using sensors or scanning devices designed for this purpose. Types of 3D scanning devices include lasers, cameras, structured light scanners, and others.

Light emission or signals: Depending on the type of device, laser beams, structured light patterns or similar signals are emitted towards the object. These signals interact with the surface of the object and are reflected or detected in some way by the scanning device.

Distance measurement: The scanning device measures the distance between the sensor. And the points on the surface of the object by the time it takes to receive the reflected signals. It can also measure other parameters, such as the intensity of the reflected signal or the deformation of light patterns.

Creating point clouds: As distance measurements are captured, point clouds are created that represent the surface of the scanned object. How 3D Scanning works, Each point in the point cloud contains three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z). That define their position in space.

Data processing: Once the point cloud has been captured. The data is processed to remove noise, merge multiple scans if necessary, and create a clean, coherent three-dimensional model. This process may include data alignment and filtering.

Creation of a 3D model: From the processed point cloud. A 3D model is created that accurately represents the shape and geometry of the scanned object or environment. This model can be in different formats, such as polygonal meshes, dense point clouds, or parametric CAD models. Depending on the user's needs.

Post-processing and editing: The resulting 3D model may require additional adjustments and editing depending on your application. This may include removing imperfections, adding details, or simplifying the model.

Using the 3D model: Once the scanning and creation of the 3D model has been completed. This can be used in a wide variety of applications.

Personal assignment

5. 3D Scanning and printing

This week should have been easy in theory, but it wasn't at all, as you had to scan and print 3D files.

3D scanner

In the local class they explained to us how and what tools we could use, some 3d scanning programs were: Qlon, polycam, kir engine, Artcode, neRF and EinScan. I chose EinScan for the accuracy and ease, but above all for convenience, this is a small scanner that has a sensor/reader and a swivel base to put your objects.

Once the scanner was assembled and the driver program installed, it was calibrated to start. working

First the program opens, you create a new project, you place your piece to be scanned, you set the steps and the brightness, you hit start and the scanner will start rotating little by little until it finishes capturing the images of your object, once it finishes you give it checkmark to confirm that it captured the information well or you cancel and delete, In case it doesn't fit the first time your piece you can start it again, splice the two scans and unify, you will see how your piece looks much better, finish me.

Results

Personally, I scanned a skull that I took from my mother's office, I was curious and wanted to see what happened, fortunately it was the second time, since the first time I scanned it the sensor was not well calibrated and it was quite outdated.

Here you can download the files

• G code
• STL

3D Printing

The 3D printer that we will use for this task is a Sindoh 3DWOX1, it has an intelligent Self-leveling system, HRMS (High Reliability Mechanical System), any unevenness of the base is adjusted in less than two minutes, which saves us problems and time.

To print we need the final file already with a thickness and size, in extension stl. We open it in the 3D Wox program compatible with our Sindow 3D printer, check that the scale is correct, the supports if needed, the type of filling we want and its direction, the rotation or position in which it is going to be printed and save it as Gcode.

Once saved, we put the USB in the printer and hit print, here it will tell us how long the printing will take and it is a matter of pressing play to start

The first thing the printer will do is raise the bed where the nozzle begins printing and at the same time the temperature will rise until it reaches the optimum, once these requirements are ready it will start printing and all that remains is to wait for your piece to come out warm.

Video